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Scoliosis is a condition of the spine characterized by a curvature of the spine in a C or S shape. It most commonly affects teenagers during the rapid height growth stage in puberty. But are there cases of adults developing scoliosis later in life? Unfortunately, yes. Although scoliosis is classified as a ‘teenage’ condition, there are some adults who develop it as well. In this article, we take a look at what scoliosis is, the different types, potential causes and symptoms of adult-onset scoliosis, and the treatment options available.
What is Scoliosis?
Scoliosis is a curvature of the spine in a C or S shape. It is a chronic condition that does not usually cause pain in mild cases, but can cause pain and discomfort in more severe cases. While scoliosis typically affects teenagers, adults can be diagnosed with the condition. Scoliosis can be categorised into five different types: congenital, idiopathic, neuromuscular, degenerative, and functional.
Congenital Scoliosis:
Congenital scoliosis results from improper formation of the vertebrae in utero. Approximately two babies out of 10,000 are born with this type of scoliosis and it is more common in males than females. This form of scoliosis is often very severe and requires surgery to correct.
Idiopathic Scoliosis:
Idiopathic scoliosis is the most common and it usually involves patients who are growing rapidly during adolescence. This type of scoliosis is usually mild and can typically be monitored and controlled through exercise and physical therapy.
Neuromuscular Scoliosis:
Neuromuscular scoliosis is caused by a malfunction of the nervous system, and can be caused by conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, polio and polio-like syndromes, and Charcot-Marie-Tooth syndrome. Children with neuromuscular scoliosis should be monitored regularly and generally require surgery to help manage their condition.
Degenerative Scoliosis:
Degenerative scoliosis is caused by age-related changes to the spine including narrowing of the spinal canal, compression of the nerve roots, and osteoporosis. This condition is more common in adults over the age of 60, but can occur in younger adults as well.
Functional Scoliosis:
Functional scoliosis is caused by an abnormality in the muscles or an underlying structural abnormality that affects the spine. This type of scoliosis is more common in adults and can be treated with physical therapy and dietary changes.
Causes of Adult-Onset Scoliosis
Adult-onset scoliosis is usually caused by age-related changes to the spine. As we age, our bones and joint ligaments become weaker and less functionally stable. This can result in uneven wear and tear of the spine, resulting in an increased curvature. Other causes of adult-onset scoliosis include osteoporosis, degenerative disc disease, and traumatic injuries such as a fractured vertebra.
Symptoms of Adult-Onset Scoliosis
The main symptom of adult-onset scoliosis is a visible curvature of the spine. Other symptoms can include back pain, muscle tension and fatigue, limited supply of oxygen to the brain, and impaired breathing.
Treatment of Adult-Onset Scoliosis
The most common treatment options for adult-onset scoliosis include pain medications, physical therapy and exercise, bracing, and surgery. Pain medications such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids can be used to manage any pain or discomfort associated with the condition. Physical therapy and exercise can help strengthen the muscles and ligaments around the curvature, and can reduce pain caused by muscle tension. Bracing is typically only recommended for adults with mild scoliosis, and surgery can be used to correct more severe cases.
People Also Ask
Do adults get scoliosis?
Yes, adults can get scoliosis. While it is more common in teenagers, adults can develop scoliosis as well due to age-related changes to the spine or other conditions such as osteoporosis or traumatic injuries.
Can scoliosis be cured?
Scoliosis cannot be cured, but it can be managed. Treatment options can include pain medications, physical therapy and exercise, bracing, and surgery.
How do you detect adult scoliosis?
Adult scoliosis can be diagnosed by a physical examination, imaging tests such as x-rays, and spinal curvature measurements.
Can exercises help scoliosis?
Yes, exercising can be helpful for people with scoliosis as it can help strengthen the muscles and ligaments around the curved spine, reduce pain, and improve mobility.
Does scoliosis cause pain in adults?
Scoliosis can cause pain in adults, although it depends on the severity of the condition. Typically, mild cases do not cause pain, but severe cases can cause chronic pain and discomfort.
Final Words
Adult-onset scoliosis is a condition that is caused by age-related changes to the spine as well as other conditions such as osteoporosis. The symptoms can include back pain, muscle tension and fatigue, limited supply of oxygen to the brain, and impaired breathing. Treatment options can include pain medications, physical therapy and exercise, bracing, and surgery. It is important for adults to pay close attention to any signs or symptoms of scoliosis as early intervention can help to manage the condition and reduce any pain or discomfort.