Understand Common Types Of Spinal Infections
Spinal infections are a serious condition that can cause long-term damage to the spine, including the vertebrae, intervertebral discs, spinal cord, and other structures. To effectively treat such an infection and to prevent any long-term damage, it’s important to understand the various types of spinal infections that may be observed. In this article, six of the most common types of spinal infections are discussed.
1. Pyogenic Infections
Pyogenic spinal infections, also known as “purulent” spinal infections, are caused by certain bacteria and include conditions such as colistin-resistant vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (CRVE), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), and Streptococcus pyogenes. These infections can cause a range of symptoms, from mild fever to severe pain, and can lead to long-term damage if not treated promptly.
A. Septic Spondylodiscitis
Septic spondylodiscitis is a type of pyogenic spinal infection that affects the vertebrae and/or discs in the spine. This infection is typically caused by bacteria, such as Staphylococci or Streptococci, that enter the spine through blood or direct contact with an infected area. Symptoms of septic spondylodiscitis include back pain, fever, and chills.
B. Osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis is an infection of the bone caused by a variety of bacterial organisms, most commonly Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and other aerobic bacteria. This type of spinal infection may be caused by trauma, surgery, or the spread of an infection from another area. Symptoms include localized pain, swelling, fever, chills, and fatigue.
C. Spinal Epidural Abscess
A spinal epidural abscess is an infection of the epidural space that typically results from the spread of bacteria from a nearby infection site. It is a potentially serious infection due to its ability to compress the nerve roots and cause long-term damage. Symptoms include back pain, fever, and occasional confusion and/or weakness in the extremities.
2. Fungal Infections
Fungal spinal infections, also known as mycotic spinal infections, are caused by a variety of fungal organisms. These infections can spread through the blood or direct contact with a contaminated source. Common symptoms include fever, fatigue, and pain in the infected area.
A. Aspergillosis
Aspergillosis is a common fungal infection that can cause a range of symptoms, from mild fever to severe pain. This infection is typically caused by airborne spores from the Aspergillus family of fungi. Symptoms may include fever, muscle aches, and headaches.
B. Candidiasis
Candidiasis is a type of fungal infection that is most commonly caused by Candida albicans. This infection can spread to the spinal area, resulting in pain and swelling. Other symptoms may include fever, chills, and joint pain.
C. Cryptococcosis
Cryptococcosis is a type of fungal infection caused by the Cryptococcus neoformans fungus. It can spread to the spine, resulting in a wide range of symptoms, from mild fever to severe pain. Other symptoms may include headaches and confusion.
3. Viral Infections
Viral spinal infections are caused by a variety of viruses, including the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). These infections can cause a wide range of symptoms, including fever, muscle aches, and back pain.
A. Herpes Zoster
Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, is a viral infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV). It typically affects a single section of the body and causes a painful rash, fever, chills, and headache.
B. West Nile Virus
West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne virus that can cause a range of symptoms, from mild fever to severe neck pain. Symptoms may include fatigue, fever, and muscle aches.
C. HIV
HIV is a virus that can spread through contact with infected bodily fluids. It can also spread through direct contact with an infected individual. HIV can cause a wide range of symptoms, including fever, fatigue, and joint pain.
People Also Ask
What are some common symptoms of spinal infection?
Common symptoms of spinal infection include fever, muscle aches, and back pain.
What is the most common type of spinal infection?
The most common type of spinal infection is pyogenic infection, which is caused by certain bacteria, such as MRSA and Streptococcus pyogenes.
How do spinal infections spread?
Spinal infections can spread through direct contact with an infected area, through spread of an infection from another area, or via the bloodstream.
What is the treatment for spinal infection?
The treatment for spinal infection depends on the type of infection and its severity. Treatment may include antibiotics, anti-fungal medications, or antiviral medications. Surgery may be necessary for more severe cases.
How can I prevent spinal infection?
The best way to prevent spinal infection is to practice good hygiene, such as regularly washing your hands and avoiding contact with people who have an infection. You should also get vaccinated against certain viruses, such as the varicella-zoster virus and West Nile virus.
Final Words
In conclusion, spinal infections are a serious condition that should always be taken seriously. Knowing the different types of spinal infections, their causes, and how they can be prevented can help patients to seek prompt treatment and prevent long-term damage.